What Ping meaning in Command Prompt (CMD)?

By: Unknown on 3:12 AM

Ping stands for Packet Internet Groper , a utility application that is provided by Micosoft windows which functions as a network connection with a probe -based Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol ( TCP / IP ) , a more complete understanding please look at wikipedia . The function of the program is to test whether ping one computer to another has been connected in a network / not with sends a packet of data to another computer .

The workings of ping is to send an IP datagram to a host who will then receive a reply / response form of round trip time . In the process uses ICMP messages and ping echo reply . Below is an example of what I do ping between computers :

Definition , Function and Explanation PING on Command Promt

click image to enlarge

  

The purpose of the experiment and the results of the ping above are :

# Pinging 192.168.0.1 with 21 bytes of data : we have to ping the IP 192.168.0.1 with 32 bytes of data

# Packets : sent = 4 , receive = 4 , lost = 0 < 0 % loss > , : means packets sent nothing is lost [ 4 sent 4 received ]

# Transmitted data size 32 bytes because it is the default buffer size on windows

# Function of buffers in windows is to look at the time taken to perform packet data transmission [ mean when pinged with a different host then the result will be different ]

# Then what is the purpose of a reply from 192.168.0.1 : bytes = 32 time < 1ms TTL 128 ?

- TTL which stands for Time To Live , which is the maximum time from the computer when reply / reply ICMP packets or also called latency / delay . TTL on windows by default is 128 .

- Why is this limited number of TTL ? it is to prevent circular routing in the network , because it is every time the ping packet through the host's IP TTL value will be reduced by one , until the TTL has a value of 0 . With a value of 0 will discard this packet and drop the TTL expired in transit keterangn .

# The smaller the value of time and the packet loss from the ping results network connection is used the better .

Well that sense , the function and purpose of the ping in the command prompt . Hopefully the discussion of computer science this time can be understood clearly and can provide benefits to you .

Read More

Repair registry editor in Your Computer

By: Unknown on 8:46 PM

Your PC is just like a machine, the defense needs to be working in perfect condition. And, one of the most significant jobs you have to do is regular maintenance to repair your registry. Windows Registry on your computer is a file cabinet, storing all the information the Windows operating system plus application system. But as the filing system, when the cabinet is often dismantled pairs of its contents, at some point he will become a mess and rubbish everywhere. If it so it becomes increasingly difficult to detect computer information necessary to do the job efficiently. Archiving registry repair computer software, identify the files that are no longer required is routine work to be done.

Windows already has a way to remove the garbage that is not valid in the registry, called the Registry Editor or regedit. This application allows you to view and delete registry entires that are not valid anymore. Unfortunately, unlike the clear office files are labeled, is not easy to know and often have strange names such as HKEY_CURRENT_USER MicrosoftWord Applications that do not indicate if they are needed or not, then you do not know if it is safe or not to delete it. In fact, even more profesionalpun computer users will not use regedit to clean the registry. They rely on software from third-party developers.

Registry repair software is best to not only to remove rubbish from the registry, it must also correct errors that always arise. Such errors occur when, for example, a program installed and uninstalled but uninstalled junk files are still there, aka accumulate. When finished scanning, the software should indicate the file is invalid and obvious errors, so you can make good decisions if the key is removed or left alone.

When deciding which registry repair software is best for you, you should use criteria such as user-friendly, easy installation and a short time, feature set and support and help available in everyday language understandable to the user. And most significantly, the use of cleaning must have security features such as backup function that allows you to restore the registry to a previous state in case of important files accidentally deleted.

Some registry repair software best available as a free download, so you do not need to invest money to make this vital maintenance tasks. But if you're willing to take the commercial registry software is also good because it'll make other important system changes, there are free trial versions that you can get to test. If you find a registry cleaner that allows you to run a scan of their site without downloading, you may be able to test their software. After you finally select the registry repair software is best and right for your computer skill level, always make sure you have backed up your registry and all the important information in your drive.
In conclusion, treating the registry was not easy then you need software registry. Good luck!

Read More

Comparison of REGEDT32 and REGEDIT.

By: Unknown on 6:12 PM

Most users who have been using Windows NT for a long time have used REGEDT32.EXE, the Windows NT Registry Editor. Windows 95 users, or NT users coming from a Windows 95 background, however, have always used REGEDIT.EXE. The good news is that both are included with Windows NT 4.0, and you can use either. Windows 95 users don't have a choice.

There are significant differences, however, in the features that each possesses. Each has its strengths and weaknesses, and most NT users will end up using both. Table 10.1 compares REGEDT32 with REGEDIT.

Table 10.1. Comparison of REGEDT32 and REGEDIT.

Feature	REGEDT32	REGEDIT
All handle keys available	X	X
Edit current Registry	X	X
Edit local NT Registry	X	X
Edit local 95 Registry		X
Remotely edit other NT Registries	X	X
Remotely edit other 95 Registries		X
Export and import hives	X	X
Export hives as text	X	X
Tiled view of multiple handle keys	X
Copy key name available		X
Right mouse button support		X
Single-click cascading of folders		X
Print contents	X	X
Edit multiple string entries	X
Security available on keys and values	X
Auditing available on keys and values	X
Search for keys	X	X
Search for values		X
Search for data strings		X
Read-only mode	X
Change screen font	X
Resource list entries as window	X	binary only

REGEDT32.EXE focuses more on the high-security, hardware-level editing, whereas REGEDIT.EXE is designed for ease of use and broad appeal. Most tasks you perform can be done in REGEDIT.EXE with no problem, and, in many cases, it can be done more easily and quickly than with REGEDT32.EXE.

Read More

How to Make a Backup of Registry Using Regedit

By: Unknown on 5:46 PM

How to Make a Backup of Your Registry Using Regedit

Computer users who are seeking a way to produce a backup copy of their Windows registry can easily accomplish this task from within Windows, and without any third party software.
Users need to make backup copies of the Windows registry because it is a large file that contains information about the settings of your computer and the programs.

A lot of users don't exactly understand what exactly the Windows registry is, and why they should backup copies of the data. You see, the Windows Registry is basically a vault of the various settings Windows and other programs use. It's where programs get information from. As I said before, the Windows Registry is basically a giant vault for data.

The reason why users need to make backup copies of their registry is rather simple; one little mistake in your registry can basically stop Windows from loading at startup.
It is essential for users to produce backup copies of their registry because every program you install or download has the ability to modify, even destroy it.

It's important for users to remember that every program you install on your system has access to your system's registry. A lot of adware and spyware applications will modify your system's registry in order to take over your web browser.

Making weekly backup copies of your data is not only a smart thing to do, but takes only a few seconds to successfully make a backup copy. As mentioned before, users do not require a third party utility to backup their registry. A tool, entitled RegEdit is installed on every Windows PC, and although it looks quite complicated, making backup copies of your system's registry is actually rather easy.

To start out, click the Start button and select Run. Type in regedit and press the enter key. A few seconds later you will be presented with a two pane window that resembles the Windows Explorer.

Go into the File menu, and select Export. Find the location of where you wish to store the registry backup file, and type in a name for the file. Click on the Save button, and you are finished. You now have a nice backup of your Windows registry.
Remember that registry backups take a large amount of data, so if you make daily backups remember to delete the older copies.

If you decide to make registry backups every day, remember to delete the older copies. Because of the large amounts of data stored in the registry the files can be very large (fifty to a hundred megabytes).

When you find the need to restore a backup copy of your registry, the process is simply. Locate the backup file, and double click it. You will be presented with a dialog asking you if you are sure you wish to add the data to your registry. Click on Yes and your registry will be restored within seconds.

Using backup copies of your registry is a great idea whenever you stumble across a program that takes control of your web browser, or if you are having problems with an installed application that was working file whenever you produced the backup.

Read More

Structure of the Registry Editor!

By: Unknown on 6:52 PM

The Structure of the Registry

The Registry has a hierarchal structure, although it looks complicated the structure is similar to the directory structure on your hard disk, with Regedit being similar to Windows Explorer.

There are six main branches, each containing a specific portion of the information stored in the Registry. They are as follows:

• HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT - This branch contains all of your file association mappings to support the drag-and-drop feature, OLE information, Windows shortcuts, and core aspects of the Windows user interface.
• HKEY_CURRENT_USER - This branch links to the section of HKEY_USERS appropriate for the user currently logged onto the PC and contains information such as logon names, desktop settings, and Start menu settings.
• HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE - This branch contains computer specific information about the type of hardware, software, and other preferences on a given PC, this information is used for all users who log onto this computer.
• HKEY_USERS - This branch contains individual preferences for each user of the computer, each user is represented by a SID sub-key located under the main branch.
• HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG - This branch links to the section of HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE appropriate for the current hardware configuration.
• HKEY_DYN_DATA - This branch points to the part of HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, for use with the Plug-&-Play features of Windows, this section is dymanic and will change as devices are added and removed from the system.

Each registry value is stored as one of five main data types:

• REG_BINARY - This type stores the value as raw binary data. Most hardware component information is stored as binary data, and can be displayed in an editor in hexadecimal format.
• REG_DWORD - This type represents the data by a four byte number and is commonly used for boolean values, such as "0" is disabled and "1" is enabled. Additionally many parameters for device driver and services are this type, and can be displayed in REGEDT32 in binary, hexadecimal and decimal format, or in REGEDIT in hexadecimal and decimal format.
• REG_EXPAND_SZ - This type is an expandable data string that is string containing a variable to be replaced when called by an application. For example, for the following value, the string "%SystemRoot%" will replaced by the actual location of the directory containing the Windows NT system files. (This type is only available using an advanced registry editor such as REGEDT32)
• REG_MULTI_SZ - This type is a multiple string used to represent values that contain lists or multiple values, each entry is separated by a NULL character. (This type is only available using an advanced registry editor such as REGEDT32)
• REG_SZ - This type is a standard string, used to represent human readable text values.

Other data types not available through the standard registry editors include:

• REG_DWORD_LITTLE_ENDIAN - A 32-bit number in little-endian format.
• REG_DWORD_BIG_ENDIAN - A 32-bit number in big-endian format.
• REG_LINK - A Unicode symbolic link. Used internally; applications should not use this type.
• REG_NONE - No defined value type.
• REG_QWORD - A 64-bit number.
• REG_QWORD_LITTLE_ENDIAN - A 64-bit number in little-endian format.
• REG_RESOURCE_LIST - A device-driver resource list.

Read More

What Is A Registry [Regedit]?

By: Unknown on 6:06 PM

What is the Registry?
The Registry is a database used to store settings and options for the 32 bit versions of Microsoft Windows including Windows 95, 98, ME and NT/2000. It contains information and settings for all the hardware, software, users, and preferences of the PC. Whenever a user makes changes to a Control Panel settings, or File Associations, System Policies, or installed software, the changes are reflected and stored in the Registry.

The physical files that make up the registry are stored differently depending on your version of Windows; under Windows 95 & 98 it is contained in two hidden files in your Windows directory, called USER.DAT and SYSTEM.DAT, for Windows Me there is an additional CLASSES.DAT file, while under Windows NT/2000 the files are contained seperately in the %SystemRoot%\System32\Config directory. You can not edit these files directly, you must use a tool commonly known as a "Registry Editor" to make any change.

And in this blog you can studying all about registry editor. enjoyed.

Read More